Dr. Coy has been at SSAI since August 2012. Before that he worked from 2001-20012 in the federal government as a research physicist in the Upper Atmospheric Physics Branch of the Naval Research Laboratory. His past experience includes working closely with both the Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch and the Data Assimilation Office (now the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office) at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center while employed by General Sciences Corp. (1995-2000) and Applied Research Corp. (1991-1994). Past experience also includes teaching dynamic meteorology (Saint Louis University, 1987-1991) and working with radar based gravity wave observations (University of Alaska, 1985-1987; NOAA Aeronomy Lab, 1983-1985). While working for NASA he analyzed winds, temperatures, and constituents from global circulation models, transport models, and data assimilation products, with emphasis on the middle atmosphere circulation, planetary waves, and inertia gravity waves. He also worked on the first assimilation of MLS temperatures from UARS and now Aura using the NASA data assimilation system. Current work includes data assimilation and forecasting of the stratosphere, middle atmosphere dynamics, and the analysis of singular vectors in the middle atmosphere. Dr. Coy has authored or co-authored 40 research articles that have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, two of which have each been cited in excess of 100 times. His article in The Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences on the dynamics of the 2009 sudden stratospheric warming [Coy et al., 2009; see below] was highlighted as a “Paper of Note” in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (Vol. 90, Pages 609-611, 2009).
Ph.D. Atmospheric Sciences 1983, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
M.S. Physics 1975, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
B.A. Physics 1973, Beloit College, Beloit, WI
Refereed
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, K. Wargan, et al. 2022. "Stratospheric Circulation Changes Associated with the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption."
Geophysical Research Letters,
49:
[10.1029/2022gl100982]
Strahan, S. E., L. Coy, A. R. Douglass, and M. R. Damon. 2022. "Faster Tropical Upper Stratospheric Upwelling Drives Changes in Ozone Chemistry."
Geophysical Research Letters,
49
(20):
[10.1029/2022gl101075]
Knowland, K. E., C. A. Keller, P. A. Wales, et al. 2022. "NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric composition."
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,
14
(e2021MS002852):
[10.1029/2021ms002852]
Anstey, J. A., T. P. Banyard, N. Butchart, et al. 2021. "Prospect of Increased Disruption to the QBO in a Changing Climate."
Geophysical Research Letters,
48
(15):
[10.1029/2021gl093058]
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, S. Strahan, and S. Pawson. 2020. "Seasonal Variation of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation Descent."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,
125
(18):
[10.1029/2020jd033077]
Molod, A. M., E. C. Hackert, Y. V. Vikhliaev, et al. 2020. "GEOS-S2S Version 2: The GMAO high resolution coupled model and assimilation system for seasonal prediction."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
125
(5):
[10.1029/2019JD031767]
Hendon, H. H., D. W. Thompson, E.-P. Lim, et al. 2019. "Rare forecasted climate event under way in the Southern Hemisphere."
Nature,
573
(7775):
495-495
[10.1038/d41586-019-02858-0]
Kramarova, N. A., P. A. Newman, E. R. Nash, et al. 2019. "2018 Antarctic ozone hole [in “State of the Climate in 2018"]."
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
100
(9):
S185-S187
[10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1]
Coy, L., M. R. Schoeberl, S. Pawson, S. Candido, and R. W. Carver. 2019. "Global Assimilation of Loon Stratospheric Balloon Observations."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,
124
(6):
3005-3019
[10.1029/2018jd029673]
Kramarova, N. A., P. Newman, E. R. Nash, et al. 2018. "Antarctic ozone hole [in “State of the Climate in 2017”]."
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
99
(8):
s190-s192
[10.1175/2018BAMSStateoftheClimate.1]
Wargan, K., C. Orbe, S. Pawson, et al. 2018. "Recent decline in extratropical lower stratospheric ozone attributed to circulation changes."
Geophysical Research Letters,
[10.1029/2018gl077406]
Schoeberl, M. R., E. Jensen, A. Podglajen, et al. 2017. "Gravity wave spectra in the lower stratosphere diagnosed from project loon balloon trajectories."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,
122:
[10.1002/2017jd026471]
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, S. Pawson, and L. R. Lait. 2017. "Dynamics of the Disrupted 2015/16 Quasi-Biennial Oscillation."
Journal of Climate,
30
(15):
5661-5674
[10.1175/jcli-d-16-0663.1]
Holt, L. A., M. J. Alexander, L. Coy, et al. 2017. "An evaluation of gravity waves and gravity wave sources in the Southern Hemisphere in a 7 km global climate simulation."
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,
143
(707):
2481-2495
[10.1002/qj.3101]
Tweedy, O. V., N. A. Kramarova, S. E. Strahan, et al. 2017. "Response of trace gases to the disrupted 2015–2016 quasi-biennial oscillation."
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,
17
(11):
6813-6823
[10.5194/acp-17-6813-2017]
Gelaro, R., W. McCarty, M. J. Suárez, et al. 2017. "The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2)."
Journal of Climate,
30:
5419–5454
[10.1175/jcli-d-16-0758.1]
De Wit, R., D. Janches, D. C. Fritts, R. G. Stockwell, and L. Coy. 2017. "Unexpected Climatological Behavior of MLT Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lee of the Southern Andes Hotspot."
Geophysical Research Letters,
[10.1002/2016GL072311]
Newman, P. A., L. Coy, S. Pawson, and L. R. Lait. 2016. "The anomalous change in the QBO in 2015-16."
Geophysical Research Letters,
43:
[10.1002/2016gl070373]
Holt, L. A., M. Joan Alexander, L. Coy, et al. 2016. "Tropical waves and the quasi-biennial oscillation in a 7-km global climate simulation."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
73:
3771–3783
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0350.1]
Coy, L., K. Wargan, A. M. Molod, W. R. McCarty, and S. Pawson. 2016. "Structure and Dynamics of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in MERRA-2."
J. Climate,
29:14:
5339-5354
[10.1175/jcli-d-15-0809.1]
Wargan, K., and L. Coy. 2016. "Strengthening of the Tropopause Inversion Layer During the 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming: A MERRA-2 Study."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0333.1]
Zhu, X., J.-H. Yee, M. Cai, et al. 2016. "Diagnosis of Middle-Atmosphere Climate Sensitivity by the Climate Feedback–Response Analysis Method."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
73
(1):
3–23
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0013.1]
Strahan, S. E., L. D. Oman, A. R. Douglass, and L. Coy. 2015. "Modulation of Antarctic vortex composition by the quasi-biennial oscillation."
Geophysical Research Letters,
42
(10):
4216-4223
[10.1002/2015gl063759]
Coy, L., and S. Pawson. 2014. "The major stratospheric sudden warming of January 2013: Analyses and forecasts in the GEOS-5 data assimilation."
Mon. Wea. Rev,
143:
491-510
[10.1175/MWR-D-14-00023.1]
McCormack, J. P., L. Coy, and W. Singer. 2014. "Intraseasonal and interannual variability of the quasi 2 day wave in the Northern Hemisphere summer mesosphere."
J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.,
119
(6):
2928–2946
[10.1002/2013JD020199]
Hoppel, K. W., S. D. Eckermann, L. Coy, et al. 2013. "Evaluation of SSMIS Upper Atmosphere Sounding Channels for High-Altitude Data Assimilation."
Monthly Weather Review,
141
(10):
3314-3330
[10.1175/mwr-d-13-00003.1]
Remsberg, E., M. Natarajan, T. Fairlie, et al. 2013. "On the inclusion of Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere version 6 ozone in a data assimilation system."
J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.,
118
(14):
7982-8000
[10.1002/jgrd.50566]
Coy, L., and C. A. Reynolds. 2013. "Singular vectors and their nonlinear evolution during the January 2009 stratospheric sudden warming."
Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.,
140
(680):
1013-1024
[10.1002/qj.2181]
Allen, D. R., A. R. Douglass, G. E. Nedoulha, and L. Coy. 2012. "Tracer transport during the Arctic stratospheric final warming based on a 33-year (1979-2011) tracer equivalent latitude simulation."
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
39
(12):
L12801
[10.1029/2012GL051930]
Coy, L., S. D. Eckermann, K. W. Hoppel, and F. Sassi. 2011. "Mesospheric Precursors to the Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2009: Validation and Dynamical Attribution Using a Ground-to-Edge-of-Space Data Assimilation System."
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,
3
(4):
[10.1029/2011ms000067]
Siskind, D. E., S. D. Eckermann, J. P. McCormack, et al. 2010. "Case studies of the mesospheric response to recent minor, major, and extended stratospheric warmings."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
115:
D00N03
[10.1029/2010jd014114]
Stevens, M. H., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2010. "Tidally induced variations of polar mesospheric cloud altitudes and ice water content using a data assimilation system."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
115
(D18):
D18209
[10.1029/2009jd013225]
Nielsen, K., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2010. "Seasonal variation of the quasi 5 day planetary wave: Causes and consequences for polar mesospheric cloud variability in 2007."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
115
(D18):
D18111
[10.1029/2009jd012676]
Zhu, X., J.-H. Yee, W. H. Swartz, E. R. Talaat, and L. Coy. 2010. "A Spectral Parameterization of Drag, Eddy Diffusion, and Wave Heating for a Three-Dimensional Flow Induced by Breaking Gravity Waves."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
67
(8):
2520-2536
[10.1175/2010jas3302.1]
Eckermann, S. D., K. W. Hoppel, L. Coy, et al. 2009. "High-altitude data assimilation system experiments for the northern summer mesosphere season of 2007."
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics,
71
(3-4):
531-551
[10.1016/j.jastp.2008.09.036]
Coy, L., S. Eckermann, and K. Hoppel. 2009. "Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
66
(2):
495-507
[10.1175/2008jas2784.1]
McCormack, J. P., L. Coy, and K. W. Hoppel. 2009. "Evolution of the quasi 2-day wave during January 2006."
Journal of Geophysical Research,
114
(D20):
D20115
[10.1029/2009jd012239]
Coy, L., D. R. Allen, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2007. "Effects of model chemistry and data biases on stratospheric ozone assimilation."
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,
7
(11):
2917-2935
[10.5194/acp-7-2917-2007]
Siskind, D. E., S. D. Eckermann, L. Coy, J. P. McCormack, and C. E. Randall. 2007. "On recent interannual variability of the Arctic winter mesosphere: Implications for tracer descent."
Geophysical Research Letters,
34
(9):
[10.1029/2007gl029293]
Allen, D. R., L. Coy, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2006. "NOGAPS-ALPHA Simulations of the 2002 Southern Hemisphere Stratospheric Major Warming."
Monthly Weather Review,
134
(2):
498-518
[10.1175/mwr3086.1]
Wu, D. L., P. Preusse, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2006. "Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques."
Advances in Space Research,
37
(12):
2269-2277
[10.1016/j.asr.2005.07.031]
Coy, L., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2005. "Modeling the August 2002 minor warming event."
Geophysical Research Letters,
32
(7):
[10.1029/2005gl022400]
Siskind, D., L. Coy, and P. Espy. 2005. "Observations of stratospheric warmings and mesospheric coolings by the TIMED SABER instrument."
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,
32
(9):
[10.1029/2005GL022399]
Coy, L., I. Stajner, A. M. da Silva, et al. 2003. "High-Frequency Planetary Waves in the Polar Middle Atmosphere as Seen in a Data Assimilation System."
J. Atmos. Sci.,
60
(24):
2975-2992
[10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<2975:HPWITP>2.0.CO;2]
Kinnison, D. E., P. S. Connell, J. M. Rodriguez, et al. 2001. "The Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation."
J. Geophys. Res.,
106
(D2):
1693-1711
[10.1029/2000jd900406]
Pawson, S., K. Kodera, K. Hamilton, et al. 2000. "The GCM-Reality Intercomparison Project for SPARC (GRIPS): Scientific issues and initial results."
Bull Amer Meteorol Soc,
81:
781-796.
Douglass, A. R., M. J. Prather, T. M. Hall, et al. 1999. "Choosing meteorological input for the global modeling initiative assessment of high-speed aircraft."
J. Geophys. Res.,
104
(D22):
27545-27564
[10.1029/1999JD900827]
Orsolini, Y. J., G. L. Manney, A. Engel, et al. 1998. "Layering in stratospheric profiles of long-lived trace species: Balloon-borne observations and modeling."
J. Geophys. Res.,
103
(D5):
5815-5825
[10.1029/97jd03131]
Fox-Rabinovitz, M. S., R. B. Rood, D. J. Lamich, et al. 1998. "The impact of diabatic initialization on stratospheric analyses, forecasts, and transport experiments."
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society,
124
(545):
297-315
[10.1256/smsqj.54512]
Coy, L., and R. Swinbank. 1997. "Characteristics of stratospheric winds and temperatures produced by data assimilation."
J. Geophys. Res.,
102
(D22):
25763-25781
[10.1029/97jd02361]
Coy, L., E. R. Nash, and P. Newman. 1997. "Meteorology of the Polar Vortex: Spring 1997."
Geophys. Res. Lett,
24
(22):
2693-2696.
Newman, P. A., L. R. Lait, M. R. Schoeberl, et al. 1996. "Measurements of polar vortex air in the midlatitudes."
J. Geophys. Res.,
101
(D8):
12879-12891
[10.1029/95jd03387]
Douglass, A. R., C. J. Weaver, R. B. Rood, and L. Coy. 1996. "A Three-Dimensional Simulation of the Ozone Annual Cycle Using Winds from a Data Assimilation System."
J. Geophys. Res.,
101
(D1):
1463-1474
[10.1029/95JD02601]
Hilsenrath, E., P. Newman, R. Cebula, et al. 1996. "Ozone Change from 1992 to 1993 as Observed from SSBUV on the ATLAS-1 and ATLAS-2 Missions."
Geophys. Res. Lett,
2305-2308:
Coy, L., R. Rood, and P. Newman. 1994. "A Comparison of Winds From the STRATAN Data Assimilation System to Balanced Wind Estimates."
J. Atmos. Sci,
51
(15):
2309-2315
[10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2309:ACOWFT>2.0.CO;2]
Hitchman, M. H., K. W. Bywaters, D. C. Fritts, et al. 1992. "Mean Winds and Momentum Fluxes over Jicamarca, Peru, during June and August 1987."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
49
(24):
2372-2383
[10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<2372:mwamfo>2.0.co;2]
Fritts, D. C., L. Yuan, M. H. Hitchman, et al. 1992. "Dynamics of the Equatorial Mesosphere Observed Using the Jicamarca MST Radar during June and August 1987."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
49
(24):
2353-2371
[10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<2353:dotemo>2.0.co;2]
Fritts, D. C., R. C. Blanchard, and L. Coy. 1989. "Gravity Wave Structure between 60 and 90 km Inferred from Space Shuttle Reentry Data."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
46
(3):
423-434
[10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<0423:gwsbak>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L., and D. Fritts. 1988. "GRAVITY-WAVE HEAT FLUXES - A LAGRANGIAN APPROACH."
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,
45
(12):
1770-1780
[10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<1770:GWLFAL>2.0.CO;2]
Coy, L., D. C. Fritts, and J. Weinstock. 1986. "The Stokes Drift due to Vertically Propagating Internal Gravity Waves in a Compressible Atmosphere."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
43
(22):
2636-2643
[10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043<2636:tsddtv>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L., and M. Hitchman. 1984. "Kelvin Wave Packets and Flow Acceleration: A Comparison of Modeling and Observations."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
41
(11):
1875-1880
[10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041<1875:kwpafa>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L. 1979. "An Unusually Large Westerly Amplitude of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,
36
(1):
174-176
[10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<0174:aulwao>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L. 1979. "POSSIBLE 2-DAY OSCILLATION NEAR THE TROPICAL STRATOPAUSE."
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES,
36
(8):
1615-1618
[10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<1615:APDONT>2.0.CO;2]
Non-Refereed
Norris, P. M., L. L. Takacs, W. M. Putman, et al. 2020. "Transition to the RRTMG Shortwave Radiation Code in GEOS Models."
Goddard Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) Research Brief
[Full Text (Link)]
Mccarty, W. R., L. Coy, R. Gelaro, et al. 2016. "MERRA-2 Input Observations: Summary and Assessment."
Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
46
(NASA/TM–2016-104606):
Bosilovich, M. G., S. R. Akella, L. Coy, et al. 2015. "MERRA-2: Initial Evaluation of the Climate."
NASA Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
43 (NASA/TM–2015–10):
139 pp.
Gelaro, R., W. M. Putman, S. Pawson, et al. 2015. "Evaluation of the 7-km GEOS-5 Nature Run."
NASA Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
36
(NASA/TM-2014-104606):
Refereed
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, K. Wargan, et al. 2022. "Stratospheric Circulation Changes Associated with the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption."
Geophysical Research Letters
49
[10.1029/2022gl100982]
Strahan, S. E., L. Coy, A. R. Douglass, and M. R. Damon. 2022. "Faster Tropical Upper Stratospheric Upwelling Drives Changes in Ozone Chemistry."
Geophysical Research Letters
49
(20):
[10.1029/2022gl101075]
Knowland, K. E., C. A. Keller, P. A. Wales, et al. 2022. "NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric composition."
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
14
(e2021MS002852):
[10.1029/2021ms002852]
Anstey, J. A., T. P. Banyard, N. Butchart, et al. 2021. "Prospect of Increased Disruption to the QBO in a Changing Climate."
Geophysical Research Letters
48
(15):
[10.1029/2021gl093058]
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, S. Strahan, and S. Pawson. 2020. "Seasonal Variation of the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation Descent."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
125
(18):
[10.1029/2020jd033077]
Molod, A. M., E. C. Hackert, Y. V. Vikhliaev, et al. 2020. "GEOS-S2S Version 2: The GMAO high resolution coupled model and assimilation system for seasonal prediction."
Journal of Geophysical Research
125
(5):
[10.1029/2019JD031767]
Hendon, H. H., D. W. Thompson, E.-P. Lim, et al. 2019. "Rare forecasted climate event under way in the Southern Hemisphere."
Nature
573
(7775):
495-495
[10.1038/d41586-019-02858-0]
Kramarova, N. A., P. A. Newman, E. R. Nash, et al. 2019. "2018 Antarctic ozone hole [in “State of the Climate in 2018"]."
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
100
(9):
S185-S187
[10.1175/2019BAMSStateoftheClimate.1]
Coy, L., M. R. Schoeberl, S. Pawson, S. Candido, and R. W. Carver. 2019. "Global Assimilation of Loon Stratospheric Balloon Observations."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
124
(6):
3005-3019
[10.1029/2018jd029673]
Kramarova, N. A., P. Newman, E. R. Nash, et al. 2018. "Antarctic ozone hole [in “State of the Climate in 2017”]."
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
99
(8):
s190-s192
[10.1175/2018BAMSStateoftheClimate.1]
Wargan, K., C. Orbe, S. Pawson, et al. 2018. "Recent decline in extratropical lower stratospheric ozone attributed to circulation changes."
Geophysical Research Letters
[10.1029/2018gl077406]
Schoeberl, M. R., E. Jensen, A. Podglajen, et al. 2017. "Gravity wave spectra in the lower stratosphere diagnosed from project loon balloon trajectories."
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
122
[10.1002/2017jd026471]
Coy, L., P. A. Newman, S. Pawson, and L. R. Lait. 2017. "Dynamics of the Disrupted 2015/16 Quasi-Biennial Oscillation."
Journal of Climate
30
(15):
5661-5674
[10.1175/jcli-d-16-0663.1]
Holt, L. A., M. J. Alexander, L. Coy, et al. 2017. "An evaluation of gravity waves and gravity wave sources in the Southern Hemisphere in a 7 km global climate simulation."
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
143
(707):
2481-2495
[10.1002/qj.3101]
Tweedy, O. V., N. A. Kramarova, S. E. Strahan, et al. 2017. "Response of trace gases to the disrupted 2015–2016 quasi-biennial oscillation."
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
17
(11):
6813-6823
[10.5194/acp-17-6813-2017]
Gelaro, R., W. McCarty, M. J. Suárez, et al. 2017. "The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2)."
Journal of Climate
30
5419–5454
[10.1175/jcli-d-16-0758.1]
De Wit, R., D. Janches, D. C. Fritts, R. G. Stockwell, and L. Coy. 2017. "Unexpected Climatological Behavior of MLT Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lee of the Southern Andes Hotspot."
Geophysical Research Letters
[10.1002/2016GL072311]
Newman, P. A., L. Coy, S. Pawson, and L. R. Lait. 2016. "The anomalous change in the QBO in 2015-16."
Geophysical Research Letters
43
[10.1002/2016gl070373]
Holt, L. A., M. Joan Alexander, L. Coy, et al. 2016. "Tropical waves and the quasi-biennial oscillation in a 7-km global climate simulation."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
73
3771–3783
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0350.1]
Coy, L., K. Wargan, A. M. Molod, W. R. McCarty, and S. Pawson. 2016. "Structure and Dynamics of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in MERRA-2."
J. Climate
29:14
5339-5354
[10.1175/jcli-d-15-0809.1]
Wargan, K., and L. Coy. 2016. "Strengthening of the Tropopause Inversion Layer During the 2009 Sudden Stratospheric Warming: A MERRA-2 Study."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0333.1]
Zhu, X., J.-H. Yee, M. Cai, et al. 2016. "Diagnosis of Middle-Atmosphere Climate Sensitivity by the Climate Feedback–Response Analysis Method."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
73
(1):
3–23
[10.1175/jas-d-15-0013.1]
Strahan, S. E., L. D. Oman, A. R. Douglass, and L. Coy. 2015. "Modulation of Antarctic vortex composition by the quasi-biennial oscillation."
Geophysical Research Letters
42
(10):
4216-4223
[10.1002/2015gl063759]
Coy, L., and S. Pawson. 2014. "The major stratospheric sudden warming of January 2013: Analyses and forecasts in the GEOS-5 data assimilation."
Mon. Wea. Rev
143
491-510
[10.1175/MWR-D-14-00023.1]
McCormack, J. P., L. Coy, and W. Singer. 2014. "Intraseasonal and interannual variability of the quasi 2 day wave in the Northern Hemisphere summer mesosphere."
J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.
119
(6):
2928–2946
[10.1002/2013JD020199]
Hoppel, K. W., S. D. Eckermann, L. Coy, et al. 2013. "Evaluation of SSMIS Upper Atmosphere Sounding Channels for High-Altitude Data Assimilation."
Monthly Weather Review
141
(10):
3314-3330
[10.1175/mwr-d-13-00003.1]
Remsberg, E., M. Natarajan, T. Fairlie, et al. 2013. "On the inclusion of Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere version 6 ozone in a data assimilation system."
J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.
118
(14):
7982-8000
[10.1002/jgrd.50566]
Coy, L., and C. A. Reynolds. 2013. "Singular vectors and their nonlinear evolution during the January 2009 stratospheric sudden warming."
Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc.
140
(680):
1013-1024
[10.1002/qj.2181]
Allen, D. R., A. R. Douglass, G. E. Nedoulha, and L. Coy. 2012. "Tracer transport during the Arctic stratospheric final warming based on a 33-year (1979-2011) tracer equivalent latitude simulation."
Geophys. Res. Lett.
39
(12):
L12801
[10.1029/2012GL051930]
Coy, L., S. D. Eckermann, K. W. Hoppel, and F. Sassi. 2011. "Mesospheric Precursors to the Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2009: Validation and Dynamical Attribution Using a Ground-to-Edge-of-Space Data Assimilation System."
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
3
(4):
[10.1029/2011ms000067]
Siskind, D. E., S. D. Eckermann, J. P. McCormack, et al. 2010. "Case studies of the mesospheric response to recent minor, major, and extended stratospheric warmings."
Journal of Geophysical Research
115
D00N03
[10.1029/2010jd014114]
Stevens, M. H., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2010. "Tidally induced variations of polar mesospheric cloud altitudes and ice water content using a data assimilation system."
Journal of Geophysical Research
115
(D18):
D18209
[10.1029/2009jd013225]
Nielsen, K., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2010. "Seasonal variation of the quasi 5 day planetary wave: Causes and consequences for polar mesospheric cloud variability in 2007."
Journal of Geophysical Research
115
(D18):
D18111
[10.1029/2009jd012676]
Zhu, X., J.-H. Yee, W. H. Swartz, E. R. Talaat, and L. Coy. 2010. "A Spectral Parameterization of Drag, Eddy Diffusion, and Wave Heating for a Three-Dimensional Flow Induced by Breaking Gravity Waves."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
67
(8):
2520-2536
[10.1175/2010jas3302.1]
Eckermann, S. D., K. W. Hoppel, L. Coy, et al. 2009. "High-altitude data assimilation system experiments for the northern summer mesosphere season of 2007."
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
71
(3-4):
531-551
[10.1016/j.jastp.2008.09.036]
Coy, L., S. Eckermann, and K. Hoppel. 2009. "Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
66
(2):
495-507
[10.1175/2008jas2784.1]
McCormack, J. P., L. Coy, and K. W. Hoppel. 2009. "Evolution of the quasi 2-day wave during January 2006."
Journal of Geophysical Research
114
(D20):
D20115
[10.1029/2009jd012239]
Coy, L., D. R. Allen, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2007. "Effects of model chemistry and data biases on stratospheric ozone assimilation."
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
7
(11):
2917-2935
[10.5194/acp-7-2917-2007]
Siskind, D. E., S. D. Eckermann, L. Coy, J. P. McCormack, and C. E. Randall. 2007. "On recent interannual variability of the Arctic winter mesosphere: Implications for tracer descent."
Geophysical Research Letters
34
(9):
[10.1029/2007gl029293]
Allen, D. R., L. Coy, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2006. "NOGAPS-ALPHA Simulations of the 2002 Southern Hemisphere Stratospheric Major Warming."
Monthly Weather Review
134
(2):
498-518
[10.1175/mwr3086.1]
Wu, D. L., P. Preusse, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2006. "Remote sounding of atmospheric gravity waves with satellite limb and nadir techniques."
Advances in Space Research
37
(12):
2269-2277
[10.1016/j.asr.2005.07.031]
Coy, L., D. E. Siskind, S. D. Eckermann, et al. 2005. "Modeling the August 2002 minor warming event."
Geophysical Research Letters
32
(7):
[10.1029/2005gl022400]
Siskind, D., L. Coy, and P. Espy. 2005. "Observations of stratospheric warmings and mesospheric coolings by the TIMED SABER instrument."
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
32
(9):
[10.1029/2005GL022399]
Coy, L., I. Stajner, A. M. da Silva, et al. 2003. "High-Frequency Planetary Waves in the Polar Middle Atmosphere as Seen in a Data Assimilation System."
J. Atmos. Sci.
60
(24):
2975-2992
[10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<2975:HPWITP>2.0.CO;2]
Kinnison, D. E., P. S. Connell, J. M. Rodriguez, et al. 2001. "The Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation."
J. Geophys. Res.
106
(D2):
1693-1711
[10.1029/2000jd900406]
Pawson, S., K. Kodera, K. Hamilton, et al. 2000. "The GCM-Reality Intercomparison Project for SPARC (GRIPS): Scientific issues and initial results."
Bull Amer Meteorol Soc
81
781-796.
Douglass, A. R., M. J. Prather, T. M. Hall, et al. 1999. "Choosing meteorological input for the global modeling initiative assessment of high-speed aircraft."
J. Geophys. Res.
104
(D22):
27545-27564
[10.1029/1999JD900827]
Orsolini, Y. J., G. L. Manney, A. Engel, et al. 1998. "Layering in stratospheric profiles of long-lived trace species: Balloon-borne observations and modeling."
J. Geophys. Res.
103
(D5):
5815-5825
[10.1029/97jd03131]
Fox-Rabinovitz, M. S., R. B. Rood, D. J. Lamich, et al. 1998. "The impact of diabatic initialization on stratospheric analyses, forecasts, and transport experiments."
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
124
(545):
297-315
[10.1256/smsqj.54512]
Coy, L., and R. Swinbank. 1997. "Characteristics of stratospheric winds and temperatures produced by data assimilation."
J. Geophys. Res.
102
(D22):
25763-25781
[10.1029/97jd02361]
Coy, L., E. R. Nash, and P. Newman. 1997. "Meteorology of the Polar Vortex: Spring 1997."
Geophys. Res. Lett
24
(22):
2693-2696
Newman, P. A., L. R. Lait, M. R. Schoeberl, et al. 1996. "Measurements of polar vortex air in the midlatitudes."
J. Geophys. Res.
101
(D8):
12879-12891
[10.1029/95jd03387]
Douglass, A. R., C. J. Weaver, R. B. Rood, and L. Coy. 1996. "A Three-Dimensional Simulation of the Ozone Annual Cycle Using Winds from a Data Assimilation System."
J. Geophys. Res.
101
(D1):
1463-1474
[10.1029/95JD02601]
Hilsenrath, E., P. Newman, R. Cebula, et al. 1996. "Ozone Change from 1992 to 1993 as Observed from SSBUV on the ATLAS-1 and ATLAS-2 Missions."
Geophys. Res. Lett
2305-2308
Coy, L., R. Rood, and P. Newman. 1994. "A Comparison of Winds From the STRATAN Data Assimilation System to Balanced Wind Estimates."
J. Atmos. Sci
51
(15):
2309-2315
[10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2309:ACOWFT>2.0.CO;2]
Hitchman, M. H., K. W. Bywaters, D. C. Fritts, et al. 1992. "Mean Winds and Momentum Fluxes over Jicamarca, Peru, during June and August 1987."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
49
(24):
2372-2383
[10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<2372:mwamfo>2.0.co;2]
Fritts, D. C., L. Yuan, M. H. Hitchman, et al. 1992. "Dynamics of the Equatorial Mesosphere Observed Using the Jicamarca MST Radar during June and August 1987."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
49
(24):
2353-2371
[10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<2353:dotemo>2.0.co;2]
Fritts, D. C., R. C. Blanchard, and L. Coy. 1989. "Gravity Wave Structure between 60 and 90 km Inferred from Space Shuttle Reentry Data."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
46
(3):
423-434
[10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<0423:gwsbak>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L., and D. Fritts. 1988. "GRAVITY-WAVE HEAT FLUXES - A LAGRANGIAN APPROACH."
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
45
(12):
1770-1780
[10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<1770:GWLFAL>2.0.CO;2]
Coy, L., D. C. Fritts, and J. Weinstock. 1986. "The Stokes Drift due to Vertically Propagating Internal Gravity Waves in a Compressible Atmosphere."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
43
(22):
2636-2643
[10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043<2636:tsddtv>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L., and M. Hitchman. 1984. "Kelvin Wave Packets and Flow Acceleration: A Comparison of Modeling and Observations."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
41
(11):
1875-1880
[10.1175/1520-0469(1984)041<1875:kwpafa>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L. 1979. "An Unusually Large Westerly Amplitude of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation."
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
36
(1):
174-176
[10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<0174:aulwao>2.0.co;2]
Coy, L. 1979. "POSSIBLE 2-DAY OSCILLATION NEAR THE TROPICAL STRATOPAUSE."
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
36
(8):
1615-1618
[10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<1615:APDONT>2.0.CO;2]
Non-Refereed
Norris, P. M., L. L. Takacs, W. M. Putman, et al. 2020. "Transition to the RRTMG Shortwave Radiation Code in GEOS Models."
Goddard Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) Research Brief
[Full Text (Link)]
Mccarty, W. R., L. Coy, R. Gelaro, et al. 2016. "MERRA-2 Input Observations: Summary and Assessment."
Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
46
(NASA/TM–2016-104606):
Bosilovich, M. G., S. R. Akella, L. Coy, et al. 2015. "MERRA-2: Initial Evaluation of the Climate."
NASA Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
43 (NASA/TM–2015–10)
139 pp.
Gelaro, R., W. M. Putman, S. Pawson, et al. 2015. "Evaluation of the 7-km GEOS-5 Nature Run."
NASA Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation
36
(NASA/TM-2014-104606):
